Subject: Description by Kerry
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2008 11:58:52 EST
This is a good summary, the velocity curve of a galaxy starts by increasing, then reaches a plateau. Here v is plotted on the Y axis, and r on the X axis.
Dear Myron,
Are we saying the stars orbit in a circles at the same velocity irrespective of distance from the bulge in the spiral arms? So the stars further out have further to go in their larger diameter orbits, so are left behind by the stars nearer the bulge and are over taken from the inside lanes. So the outer stars trail behind to produce the spiral arms.
Kerry
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Sent: Wednesday, 3 December, 2008 11:54:40 AM
Subject: 124(3): Relation between Torsion and Spin Connection for any Central Orbit
This is given by eqs. (9) and (16) of the attached note for any central orbit. Examples of the Newtonian and log spiral orbits are given. Kepler’s second law is valid for all types of central orbit, in which there is any type of force law between two particles. This is the equal area in equal time law. It is expressed most simply by eq. (12) of the attached:
                                                         v = k / r                 —————————— (1)
where v is the orbital linear velocity, k is a constant, (2 dA / dt), and r the distance between the two particles. For a circular orbit v and r are constant. For an elliptical Newtonian orbit v is inversely proportional to r, and indeed for any central orbit v is inversely proportional to r. So we can now begin to investigate non-Newtonian orbits of all kinds using eqs. (9) and (16). It is clear from eq. (1) that if v is a constant, as in the outer regions of a galaxy, then r cannot be determined by any kind of central force law. This is because the graph of v versus r in a galaxy arm is a plateau, i.e. v is constant but r varies, whereas from eq. (1), r must be constant if v is constant, as in a circle. So as in paper 76, a completely new explanation of a galaxy was given in terms of spacetime torsion. This is not a central force explanation at all, the underlying torsion makes the stars in a galaxy arm spiral outwards in space.
